JETBM OPEN ACCESS

Journal of Economic Theory and Business Management

ISSN:3006-4953 (print) | ISSN:3006-4961 (online) | Publication Frequency: Bimonthly

OPEN ACCESS|Research Article||18 February 2026

Offline Conservative RL for Transaction Authorization: Smartly Balancing Fraud Risk and Customer Friction

Yang Ximeng

Board of Directors, Excellent Era Lending Service Corp., Makati, Philippines

Cocoliu898@gmail.com

Board of Directors, Excellent Era Lending Service Corp., Makati, Philippines , PH, Cocoliu898@gmail.com.

Zhang Yiming

Department of Financial Technology‌, Peking University, Peking, China

zhang1ming137@outlook.com

Department of Financial Technology‌, Peking University, Peking, China , CN, zhang1ming137@outlook.com.

* Corresponding Author1: Yang Ximeng , E-Mail: Cocoliu898@gmail.com

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Journal of Economic Theory and Business Management (JETBM)
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